Just as a person has legs, so any home has a base and it is called the foundation. This design is the fundamental of any construction, not a single building is built without the foundation. Since this is the main element of construction, it should be approached with all seriousness. There are several varieties of this design. Different foundations are used for different areas and different climate.
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So with a cold climate is built with large grounding foundations. There is one big reason for this. In winter, the surface of the earth freezes and rises a bit, and in the spring when everything is fraught, raised objects cannot return to the same depth where they were, there is a kind of push out. And the foundation that was not buried is below the land freezing layer, it will lick a little every year, thereby breaking the walls and cracking throughout the house. To avoid such problems, the foundation must be deepened to sufficient depth and make smooth walls to reduce friction force. If this option is not suitable, you can make a conical foundation, namely, so that below it is much wider than on top then it will be very difficult to push such a mass and the foundation will serve much longer.